Explosive Diarrhea and Parasites: Summertime Woes
Summer is a season for fun in the sun, but it seems that it also brings an increase in cases of explosive diarrhea. Two parasites, Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora, are causing havoc and spreading through various means.
Cryptosporidium, also known as “Crypto,” is a microscopic parasite that can survive in chlorinated swimming pools. While most infectious germs are killed by chlorine, Crypto has a protective outer shell that allows it to remain in pools and make people sick. Hand sanitizer is also ineffective against this parasite. The disease it causes, cryptosporidiosis, can lead to severe diarrhea.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advises individuals who have tested positive for Crypto to stay out of pools for two weeks. A recent case study on a swim team revealed that the parasite spread from one team to two different teams they competed against, affecting 19 out of 50 members. Although infected individuals may feel well enough to participate in activities, they can still transmit the parasite to others.
To prevent the spread of diarrheal diseases, the CDC urges people not to defecate in pools, avoid swallowing pool water, and regularly check children’s swim diapers for contamination.
On the other hand, Cyclospora, another parasite causing diarrhea, can spread through food or water. Cyclosporiasis, the disease caused by Cyclospora, tends to peak in June and July, with over 200 reported cases already this year. A cluster in Georgia and Alabama was linked to raw broccoli, while other outbreaks have unknown causes.
Unlike Crypto, Cyclospora cannot be directly transmitted from person to person. After a person experiences diarrhea due to infection, the parasites require a few weeks to mature before becoming infectious to others. The primary mode of transmission is contaminated food or water. Previous outbreaks have been linked to raspberries, basil, snow peas, mesclun lettuce, and cilantro. It is crucial to avoid consuming water that may have been contaminated by human feces.
To prevent Cyclospora infection, the CDC recommends washing produce thoroughly and using a scrub brush on hard produce items. Promptly refrigerating cut fruits and vegetables is also advisable.
While these parasites may put a damper on summer activities, it is important to take necessary precautions, such as practicing good hygiene, avoiding contaminated food and water, and staying out of pools if experiencing diarrhea. By being mindful of these measures, individuals can minimize their risk of falling victim to explosive diarrhea and enjoy a safer summer.