2024-11-16 09:00:00
Angela Me is responsible for research and trend analysis at the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). In particular, he directs the World Drug Report published every year by this institution.
According to the latest data, in 2022 almost 300 million people will have used drugs annual report of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), i.e. 20% more than ten years ago. How can this increase be explained, taking into account the greater resources put in place to combat trafficking and limit consumption?
The first reason is the increase in population. There are more of us on the earth, and therefore there are more of us doing all kinds of things and using drugs. But this increase is also partly due to the increase in the percentage of people who have used drugs. Over the past decade, the consumption of most drugs worldwide has increased. Cocaine, in particular, the increase in consumption of which is particularly marked in Europe, but not only. Cannabis has also seen an increase in consumption over the past decade. Above all, we have also observed this year the increase in the consumption of stimulants, in particular methamphetamines, while for sedatives (drugs with sedative effect), the market is rather stable. In Europe, for example, but also in Southeast Asia, an entire generation of heroin users continues to age.
However, there is no research establishing a cause and effect relationship leading to drug use. Of course we have identified some recurring factors, including mental health. The increase in mental health disorders, particularly significant during Covid, is linked to drug use and addiction. Another factor is the availability of substances. This supply is always linked to demand and one leads to the other, as in a vicious circle.
This vicious cycle you speak of mainly concerns cocaine. Recent data, in terms of seizures and consumption, show that its diffusion is massive, within a market characterized by sometimes uncontrollable violence, both in South America and in Europe. Do you think this substance is the priority for action at an international level?
How can harm reduction strategies effectively address the issues related to drug use and addiction?
Interview: Understanding Global Drug Trends with Angela Me from UNODC
Time.news Editor: Thank you for joining us today, Angela. As the head of research and trend analysis at the UNODC, your expertise is invaluable, especially considering the striking data released in the latest World Drug Report. The statistic that nearly 300 million people used drugs in 2022 is quite alarming—20% more than a decade ago. What primarily drives this increase?
Angela Me: Thank you for having me. It’s certainly a concerning trend, and there are multiple factors at play. First and foremost, the global population has grown significantly over the last ten years, which naturally contributes to a higher number of drug users. However, it’s also important to consider social and economic factors that can lead to increased substance use, such as addiction, mental health issues, and social disparities.
Time.news Editor: That’s a valuable point. You mention social and economic factors—could you elaborate on how these influence drug consumption?
Angela Me: Absolutely. Economic instability, lack of access to mental health care, and inadequate social support systems can create an environment where individuals turn to drugs as a coping mechanism. For instance, during times of crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, we’ve seen spikes in drug usage as people deal with increased anxiety and uncertainty.
Time.news Editor: Interesting. While we see a rise in users, you mentioned that there have been greater resources dedicated to combat trafficking and limit consumption. Could you discuss how effective these measures have been?
Angela Me: The resources allocated towards combating drug trafficking have seen mixed results. On one hand, we are better equipped to target trafficking networks and disrupt the supply chain, which is critical. Yet, the challenge lies in prevention and rehabilitation efforts. While enforcement is essential, a balanced approach that includes education, treatment, and harm reduction is crucial for meaningful progress.
Time.news Editor: Education and harm reduction are key components. Can you talk about some successful strategies that have emerged in different countries?
Angela Me: Certainly! Some countries have implemented innovative harm reduction strategies such as supervised consumption sites, access to clean needles, and widespread distribution of naloxone to counteract opioid overdoses. For example, Portugal’s decriminalization of drug use paired with a focus on treatment has led to remarkable improvements in public health outcomes. This model showcases the importance of integrating health services with drug policy.
Time.news Editor: Your insights highlight the intricacies of addressing drug use effectively; it’s more than just enforcement. Many people may not be aware of the human face of these statistics. What would you say is the most important aspect for our audience to understand about drug users?
Angela Me: It’s crucial to recognize that drug users are not merely statistics—they are individuals facing a myriad of challenges. Many struggle with addiction, mental health issues, and socio-economic difficulties. Understanding this human dimension allows us to approach drug policies with empathy and to advocate for solutions that prioritize health and wellness over punishment.
Time.news Editor: Well said, Angela. To wrap up, what can our followers do to contribute positively to this pressing issue?
Angela Me: Engaging in conversations about drug use, supporting local harm reduction initiatives, advocating for policies that promote health rather than criminalization, and educating themselves about addiction can go a long way. Every action, no matter how small, contributes to a more compassionate understanding of this complex issue.
Time.news Editor: Thank you, Angela, for sharing your expertise with us today. It’s clear that understanding and addressing the drug crisis requires a multifaceted approach that prioritizes health, empathy, and effective policy.
Angela Me: Thank you for the opportunity to discuss this vital issue. It’s imperative that we continue these conversations to foster a more informed and supportive society.