Gamma-Ray Burst Affects Earth’s Ionosphere
Over a year since its detection, the impact of GRB 221009A continues to be felt on Earth. A recent study by scientists from Italy reveals that the planet’s ionosphere was significantly impacted by the high intensity and long duration of this astounding gamma-ray burst.
The ionosphere, an atmospheric layer ranging from 60 km to over 950 km in altitude, contains electrically charged plasma. The study shows that the top-side of the ionosphere was particularly affected by GRB 221009A, a rare phenomenon.
Mirko Piersanti, a professor at the University of L’Aquila, explains that the effects of gamma-ray bursts are usually observed in the bottom-side of the ionosphere due to its higher plasma density and conductivity. However, the recent study utilized the China Seismo Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES), which recorded a significant spike in the electric field in the top-side ionosphere at an altitude of 507 km.
Initially, the scientists attributed the disturbance to solar flares, but upon further analysis, they concluded that the gamma-ray burst was the likely cause. This finding challenges previous assumptions about the impact of gamma-ray bursts on Earth’s atmosphere.
Despite being located almost 2 billion light-years away from the Milky Way, GRB 221009A still managed to cause a significant disturbance in the ionosphere. Piersanti speculates that an event closer to home, within our galaxy, could potentially damage the Earth’s ozone layer.
The study, published in Nature Communications, also indicates that GRB 221009A has the potential to disturb the ozone layer. Further research is underway to understand the wider implications of such gamma-ray bursts on Earth’s atmosphere.
The findings of this study are crucial in expanding our understanding of the impact of cosmic events on our planet’s atmosphere. As scientists delve deeper into the effects of gamma-ray bursts, they hope to develop a better understanding of their implications for Earth’s climate and environment.
Dhananjay Khadilkar, a journalist based in Paris, contributed to this report.